PhD Projects in Generative Biology

Microbial Genome Synthesis

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Project Summary

Our ability to write DNA has recently expanded to the genomic scale. The possibility of defining every single base in the genome of a cell enables manipulation of the most fundamental cellular properties, such as the genetic code. 

However, current genome synthesis methods are slow, narrow in scope, and limited in scale. To date, the genomes of only two bacteria have been successfully synthesized. The lab is developing methodologies to make the synthesis of model organism genomes (i.e. E. coli) more rapid and enable the synthesis of the genomes of non-model bacteria to broaden the scope of genome synthesis. 

The ability to routinely synthesize the genomes of a diverse set of organisms will not only allow reprogramming of the genetic code but also facilitate genome modularization and minimization. Ultimately, genome synthesis will enable biological design at the organism scale with implications in bioproduction, human health, agriculture, and beyond.

Potential Supervisors  

  • Professor Jason Chin (Founding  Director, GBI, EIT & Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford)  
  • Dr Jérôme Zürcher (Group Leader, GBI, EIT)

Skills Recommended

  • A Master’s Degree (or equivalent) in a relevant scientific discipline (e.g. Biology, Chemistry, Engineering, Computer Science)
  • Experience of hands-on research in a laboratory setting
  • Proven ability to work independently, think creatively, and solve complex problems
  • Experience with data analysis, automation platforms, or computational tools relevant to the field
  • Experience preparing publications and delivering scientific presentations
  • Strong organisational skills and the ability to manage multiple parallel workstreams
  • Excellent written and verbal communication skills, including the ability to collaborate across multidisciplinary teams
  • A proactive mindset and enthusiasm for working in a fast-paced, high-growth research environment

University DPhil Courses 

Relevant Literature

  • Robertson, W. E. et al. Escherichia coli with a 57codon genetic code. Science — eady4368 (2025).
  • Zürcher, J. F. et al. Continuous synthesis of E. coli genome sections and Mbscale human DNA assembly. Nature 619, 555–562 (2023). 
  • Fredens, J. et al. Total synthesis of Escherichia coli with a recoded genome. Nature 569, 514–518 (2019). 
  • Gibson, D. G. et al. Creation of a bacterial cell controlled by a chemically synthesized genome. Science 329, 52–56 (2010).
  • Wang, K. et al. Defining synonymous codon compression schemes by genome recoding. Nature 539, 59–64 (2016).
Supervisors

We are bringing together experts from across the globe, with a shared drive to create lasting impact.

Director of the Oxford Vaccine Group, Ashall Professor of Infection & Immunity

Professor Sir Andrew Pollard

Correlates of Immunity

Director of the Oxford Vaccine Group in the Department of Paediatrics at the University of Oxford.

Principal Scientist, Pathogen Program & Member of the Board of Directors

Professor Gil McVean

Principal Scientist, Pathogen Program & Member of the Board of Directors. Professor of Statistical Genetics at the Department of Statistics and the Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford.

Principal Scientist, Plant Biology Institute & Member of the Board of Directors

Professor Steve Kelly

Principal Scientist Plant Biology Institute & Member of the Board of Directors at EIT. Professor of Plant Sciences and Senior Research Fellow of the Queens College, University of Oxford.

Executive Director & Principal Scientist

Dr Danilo Jimenez Rezende

AI & Robotics Institute

Executive Director & Principal Scientist for AI & Robotics at EIT. Former Director at Google DeepMind.

Executive Director & Executive Vice President

Dr Matej Macak

AI & Robotics Institute

Executive VP, AI & Robotics at EIT. Chief Technologist at Every Cure.

Principal Scientist, Economics

Professor Andrew Scott CBE

Economics

Principal Scientist of Economics, Economics Professor at University of Oxford. Research covers economics and longevity in aging societies.

Executive Director & Principal Scientist, Materials & Devices for Life Sciences

Professor Hagan Bayley

Materials & Devices for Life Sciences

Professor of Chemical Biology at the University of Oxford. Founder of Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Fellow of the Royal Society.

Founding Director, Generative Biology Institute

Professor Jason Chin

Generative Biology Institute

Founding Director, of the Generative Biology Institute (GBI) and Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology at the University of Oxford.

Research Scientist

Dr Ben Chamberlain

AI & Robotics Institute

Research Scientist in the AI & Robotics Institute at EIT. Previously held leadership roles at biotechs Isomorphic Labs and Charm Therapeutics.

Senior Director Device Science

Dr James Clarke

Senior Director of Product Science in the Pathogen Project at EIT.

Principal Investigator

Dr Jérôme Zürcher

Generative Biology Institute

Principal Investigator within GBI at EIT. Former junior research fellow at Trinity College, Cambridge and visiting researcher at the Innovative Genomics Institute at UC Berkeley.

Group Leader

Dr Linna Zhou

Materials & Devices for Life Sciences
Program Co-Lead

Professor Daniela Ferreira

Correlates of Immunity

Professor of Mucosal Immunology and Vaccinology at the Oxford Vaccine Group, Paediatrics Department, University of Oxford.

Senior Director, Science Applications

Professor Justin O'Grady

Pathogen Program

Senior Director of Science Applications in the Pathogen Program at EIT. Honorary Professor at the University of East Anglia.

Senior Group Leader

Professor Yujia Qing

Materials & Devices for Life Sciences

A Senior Group Leader in the Materials & Devices for the Life Sciences program at EIT. An Associate Professor in the Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford

Staff Scientist, AMR and Applied Metagenomics

Dr Vicky Enne

Pathogen Program
Senior Group Leader, Cell Based Production

Professor Lee Sweetlove

Plant Biology Institute